Good questions Hanna and your confusion is understandable. I'm not sure I have the level of microbiology and immunology knowledge to answer entirely correctly but I'm happy to offer my 'educated guesses'!
The most likely reason I can think of as to why people affected by environmental mold tend to develop Candida/yeast problems in the gut (and vice versa) is an immune deficiency when it comes to fighting off molds and fungi. This may be genetic or due to exposures etc. The main thing to keep in mind is that Candida and other gut yeast are all molds, like those in the environment, so if your immune system struggles to defend you against environmental molds it stands to reason it would also leave you susceptible to overgrowth of gut yeast like various Candida species.
Whether you have gut yeast overgrowth or environmental mold exposures first - either will weaken your ability to prevent the other becoming a problem for you. Essentially environmental molds expose you to toxins that impair immunity from the outside while gut dysbiosis does the same from the inside (leaving aside the confusing fact that the gut is 'technically' outside the body!).
Certainly some molds in food are able to establish themselves in the gut and cause fermentation and symptoms such as wind and bloating. There are documented cases of brewer's yeast used in beer getting a hold in patient's guts as one example. On the other hand mold food allergy/sensitivity or biogenic amine intolerance (histamine, tyramine etc - high in moldy foods like cheese) could also cause those same symptoms - and to confuse things further you could have gut dysbiosis, environmental mold sensitivity and food mold allergy-type reactions all going on at the same time. See
this article for more about biogenic amine intolerance.
The cheap way to find out what is going on is to avoid all mold-containing foods and see if symptoms improve (same for avoiding environmental molds) and do a low carbohydrate ('Candida Diet') - one thing at a time so you can see what is having an effect, if any. The expensive but perhaps more in-depth and accurate way would be to do functional lab testing for the above from the likes of Genova Diagnostics and Metametrix through an EI doc or nutritionist.
Hope some of this helps and the Patricia Kane stuff is useful to you. All the best!